New Testament Part 4 

Paul writing his letter to the Ephesians.

After Paul was converted to Christianity, he first went on missionary trips to Gentile lands like Ephesus, Philippi, Thessaloniki, Rome, and Corinth. Once he established churches in these lands, Paul sent them letters and made sure they kept the faith. Paul proclaimed the sovereignty of Christ, identifying him as the creator of the world, and stating that Gentiles can now share in the glory of God as much as Jews. 

Paul listed virtues that every Christian should use, such as love, joy, and peace. He also made a list of sins that will cause you damnation if you refuse to repent and stated that the church should provide the poor and widows with aid. Paul did more missionary works than any of the Apostles and composed 13 books of the Bible. In his writings, Paul proclaimed that the Law of Moses and all the old Jewish laws had prepared men for the Messiah and for God’s grace, and Jesus’s time on earth had completed the Law. The Law, he stated, cannot save, only Jesus can save. He said all people were now the children of Abraham. 

In his Epistle to the Romans, Paul declared that the power of the Gospel is given to all who believe in Christ and the wrath of God is revealed by the things that are made. Paul wrote that if you live in sin, your reward will be death, but if you believe in God and repent of your sins, you will attain the righteousness of salvation.

Writing to the Ephesians, Paul instructed them to trust in Christ first, then you will have eternal life. Because many people still thought that Jews were above other Christians, Paul again emphasized that Jews and Gentiles were now equal. 

New Testament Part 3

Mark the Evangelist.

When Mark was working on his Gospel, he wrote in a way that he thought would be believable and even left out some of the miracles that were described in the other three Gospels. Mark stated that after Jesus’s death, thousands of Jews converted to Christianity. He confirmed that Jesus was a well-known religious figure, even by those who didn’t believe his message. 

Before Jesus ascended to heaven, he told the Disciples to preach to every nation on earth, not just Jews. Then Jesus ascended into Heaven, because his time on earth had been completed. The Disciples continued preaching, calling the people to repent and be baptized. They also told the Hebrews that they did not have to follow the Old Law anymore since Jesus had fulfilled it. The Jewish religious leaders arrested many of the Apostles and forbade them to speak Jesus’s name. 

After escaping imprisonment by a miracle, the Apostles continued preaching and appointed deacons to help spread the Gospel. Stephen, one of the first deacons, was accused by the Pharisees of being a blasphemer. Stephen, who was filled with the Holy Spirit and had a light glowing out of him, refused to denounce Christ, and was stoned to death by the Chief Priests, making him the first Christian martyr. 

Icon of the Conversion of Saint Paul.

Saul was a Jewish religious leader and was a prime persecutor of Christians. When he was on his way to Damascus, Saul had a vision of Christ who asked him “Why do you persecute me?” Saul changed his name to Paul and decided to start preaching Christ. The Book of Acts tells stories about the journeys of the Apostles. Christianity started expanding across borders, and Jews were no longer the only Christians. Antioch, Corinth, and Thessaloniki were the first major non-Jewish Christian cities. 

New Testament Part 2

Catholic Painting of the Transfiguration of Jesus.

As Jesus continued his public ministry, the Pharisees got more and more scared of his influence. Jesus even started publicly condemning the Pharisees, proclaiming to “Beware the leaven of the Pharisees,” which meant to be wary of their faulty doctrine. The Jewish religious leaders plotted to kill Jesus and to use treason against Caesar as the reason. Jesus even predicted that this would soon happen and that after he would be resurrected. 

One day, Jesus took his disciples James, John, and Peter to a mountain outside of Jerusalem. There he Transfigured Himself in front of them and the Prophets Moses and Elijah mystically appeared. Jesus stated that poverty for His sake will bring riches in the next life. The Temple, a Jewish place of worship, was being used as a marketplace for moneychangers, so Jesus overturned their tables and said to not make His Father’s house into a place of money. 

After three years of public ministry, Jesus entered the city of Jerusalem on a colt, as the people laid palm leaves at his feet. In Jerusalem, Jesus prophesied that the Temple would be razed, that there would be war, famine, drought, and suffering, and that some of the disciples would be alive to see this. All these things would come true, when the disciple John witnessed the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple by the Romans in AD 70. 

Orthodox Icon of the Last Supper.

In his last days on earth, Jesus celebrated the Jewish holiday of Passover with His disciples and had a meal with them. After the Last Supper, Judas Iscariot, handed over Jesus to the authorities for 30 pieces of silver. The Jews came to arrest Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane, where he was preparing for His coming death. Peter tried to defend Jesus when he cut off the ear of one of the guards, but he was told by Jesus to lay down his sword. 

After Jesus was arrested, most of the disciples fled and Peter even denied knowing Jesus three times. Judas tried to give the silver back to the chief priests, but when they refused, he hung himself in shame. The next morning, Jesus was questioned by the Roman Governor of Judea Pontious Pilate, who asked the people whether they wanted to free Jesus or Barabbas (a well-known murderer) and they chose Barabbas. 

Jesus was crucified between two thieves. One of the criminals scolded Jesus and the other said to Jesus: “Remember me when you enter into Your Kingdom,” and Jesus replied, “Today you will be with me in Paradise.” 

Icon of the Crucifixion of Jesus.

After Jesus died, the sky became dark, the earth shook, the Veil of the Temple was torn in half, and the graves of the dead were opened. One of the Roman soldiers who crucified Jesus saw this and repented. When Jesus gave up his earthly life, He completed the mission for which God the Father had sent him to earth: to give His life for the sins of man.