
Out of the three “Renaissances” in history, the Carolingian Renaissance was the earliest and least known. The other two rebirth periods were the 12th century Renaissance and the 15th century which is commonly referred to just as “The Renaissance.”
Lasting from the reign of Charlemagne to the end of his son Louis the Pious’ rule, this forgotten era stretched from 768-840. Renaissance means “rebirth,” so in the Carolingian Renaissance there was a renewed interest in ancient Greece and the Roman Empire. Unlike in the next two more famous renaissances, the Carolingian entailed the least original work and involved more copying of ancient works. The Carolingians’ aim was to restore a civilization of which Rome would have been proud, but also emphasizing Christianity.
Before the time of Charlemagne, the Franks had no set capital. Aachen, a city in modern-day Germany, was chosen to be the first capital of the Kingdom of the Franks under Charlemagne. Seeking out well-known artists, builders, and writers in every city he visited, Charlemagne strived to make a society that was not only strong militarily but one that was also the pinnacle of modern Western civilization. Charlemagne improved the lives of his people by establishing a cathedral and monastery in every city where the clergy and laity were educated and taught them how to read and write.
Almost single-handedly converting Ireland to Christianity, St. Patrick was the only person to do this without using violence. St. Patrick was born in the 4th century in Britain but was taken to Ireland as a slave, then escaped and went to Gaul. Despite being a slave while he was in Ireland, St. Patrick wished to move the Irish people to Christianity. At that point in time, Ireland had never been part of the Roman Empire or had any missionaries visit there. After the monumental change of the Irish people from paganism to Christianity, it became known as the “Isle of Saints” because of its vast number of new converts and monasteries. Unlike monasteries in continental Europe, Irish ones employed harsh asceticism and penitential regiments and were also the chief organizing centers of the Church in Ireland. Many Irish like St. Columbus became the main missionaries who would later go to England and Germany.